Michael McParland

Michael’s international practice includes an increasing number of serious claims arising out of injuries occurred abroad, whether on holiday or while working overseas. These cases often involve very complex issues of conflicts of law, including jurisdiction, forum non conveniens, and choice of law issues in tort.

Michael acted for the successful appellant claimant in Harding v. Wealands [2007] 2 A.C. 1 (House of Lords), the leading case in damages in international tort / injury claims, were the decision of the House of Lords resulted in an £2.5 million increase in the Claimant’s damages of arising out of an accident in Australia.

Michael’s work in this field has been described as “phenomenal” (Chambers & Partners, 2009).  Michael has also written and lectured extensively in this field. Further details are set out in the additional information section.

Michael’s work in the aviation industry includes acting in corporate disputes relating to the operation of airlines and airports (e.g. Lonrho Africa –v- Norse Air & Avnits (2009) British Virgin Islands, Newcastle International Airport Ltd –v- Parkin & Friis (2008) High Court) and as well as aircraft leasing and Warsaw Convention claims. His work also includes conflict of laws disputes involving air industry participants, such as  the recognition and enforcement of judgments and arbitral awards against airlines (e.g. Peninsula v. Egypt Air Holdings(2008) (Comm Ct); and anti-suit injunctions on behalf of aviation underwriters (Simon Clapham / Lloyd’s Syndicates 800 and 318 –v- Burlet, Thevenin & Others (2003) (Comm Ct). 

Michael also acts in professional negligence actions arising out of the conduct of Warsaw Convention cases, (such as the aftermath of the dismissal of the claimant’s case in Phillips v. Air New Zealand Ltd [2002] 2 Lloyd’s Rep. 408 for failing to comply with the Warsaw Convention limitation period).

Michael’s recent Travel Law work includes:

• Road traffic accidents (including coach crash disasters) in Australia, France, Belgium, Portugal, Ireland, North Africa, and the United States;

• Overseas holiday sporting accidents, such as ski-doo injuries in Italy, and quad-bike accidents in Greece.

• A series of claims arising out of injuries sustained during a fire show undertaken at a Turkish holiday resort;

• Workplace injuries in various countries in the Middle-East.

Other cases have included Hickey, Petschi and Shaw –v- Granger Telecom (The Times, 4th June 2003), where he successfully acted against former employers for families of British Telecom workers who had been sent to Chechnya, kidnapped, held hostage and beheaded. In Sunil Eappen v. Louise Woodward, U.S. Federal District Court Massachusetts, 1999, Michael acted for the defendant in the civil action arising out of the Boston shaken-baby murder trial.
Michael’s recent publications in this field include:

• “Road Traffic Accidents in Europe: A Major Victory for Claimants before the European Court of Justice”: JPIL (March 2008); pp. 89-96.

• “Foreign Compensation Systems and Personal Injury Claims”: JPIL (September 2007), pp. 273-286.

Michael acts for both banks and their customers. His work has ranged from cases investigating the duties owed or assumed by Banks (e.g. Frost v. James Finlay Bank [2002] Lloyd’s Rep IR 503; (C.A.) to claims arising out of security agreements, including guarantees, mortgages (including ship mortgages), as well as disputes involving international syndicated loan financing (e.g. J.P. Morgan -v- Malaysian Newsprint Industries [2001] 2 Lloyd’s Rep. 41).

Michael has particular expertise in asset recovery, including freezing injunctions, search orders and tracing claims.

In financial services matters, Michael has acted for the London Stock Exchange and has appeared before the Gibraltar Financial Services Commission on money laundering / licensing issues.

Michael is recognised by the Legal 500 as a leading junior in commercial litigation, where he has been described as “brilliant” and possessing “real commercial intelligence and an easy client manner”,  his work regarded“… effective and persuasive… clients say his “attention to detail prepares him for all eventualities in the course of litigation”. Michael’s expertise and experience in commercial litigation and arbitration includes:

• International litigation / Conflict of laws.

Michael’s cases regularly include jurisdiction, lis alibi pendens and forum non conveniens challenges as well as choice of law disputes under both statute and common law as well as under the Rome Convention and now the Rome II Regulation.
Michael has particular expertise in the recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments and arbitral awards in England and Wales (under the Brussels Regulation, statute and at common law) as well as the recognition and enforcement of English judgments, orders and arbitral awards overseas.
Michael has been involved in a number of leading anti-suit and world-wide asset freezing injunctions; ship-arrest.
He has extensive practical experience of foreign discovery and judicial assistance, including obtaining evidence in the United States for proceedings in the UK.

• The sale and carriage of goods and commodities by sea, road and air and multi-modal transport.

• Company / shareholder / director / employee disputes, including fiduciary breaches of duty, minority shareholder and warranty claims.

• Civil fraud and asset recovery, including tracing, subrogation, restitution and constructive trust claims.

• Insolvency, including international insolvencies under the EC Regulation on Insolvency Proceedings, as well as the application of the UNCITRAL Model Law on Cross-Border Insolvency. His cases have also involved the UK statutory and common law approaches to foreign insolvencies and their effect of UK proceedings and the realisation of security interests, as well as on attempting to enforce UK orders abroad. Michael has particular experience in this regard of the operation of the US Bankruptcy Code.

• Oil and gas sales, production, delivery and exploration disputes.

• Professional negligence claims.

Examples of Michael’s commercial litigation cases include:

• Westbrook Resources Ltd –v- Globe Metallurgical Inc [2009] EWCA Civ 310 (Court of Appeal) and [2008] EWHC 241 (Comm) (quantum) and [2007] EWHC 2353 (Comm) (liability): international sale of goods, manganese ore sold in Pennsylvania for shipment to Ohio. Acting for the UK seller, both at trial and in resisting the buyer’s appeal to the Court of Appeal.
• Prontinal Ltd –v- Elixir Petroleum (2009) (Case no. 0405 of 2008, British Virgin Islands): Acting for an oil company in a dispute over offshore exploration costs, in proceedings in the BVI under the Insolvency Act 2003.
• Lonrho Africa –v- Norse Air & Avnits (2009) (Claim no. 312 of 2007, British Virgin Islands): Acting for the Claimant in proceedings in the BVI under both the BVI Companies Act and Insolvency Act concerning shareholder disputes relating to a South African based airline.
• Newcastle International Airport Ltd –v- Parkin & Friis (2008): Acting for a Danish defendant in a claim by an airport to recover multi-million bonuses paid to directors in alleged breach of fiduciary duty.
• Knowlden –v- Simin Nafis Tehrani [2008] EWHC 54 (Ch): Described by the trial judge, Henderson J. as an “extraordinary case”; acting for the claimant who had been defrauded out of several valuable properties and other assets, by individual defendant using an offshore trust as a vehicle.
• Lonrho Africa (Holding) ltd –v- Norse Air Ltd [2008] EWHC 323 (Comm): Acting for Lonrho in an international shareholder / company dispute involving parallel proceedings in the British Virgin Island and South Africa. Obtaining mandatory interim injunctions that required the defendants to allow forensic auditors access to the airline’s headquarters in South Africa.
• Harding v. Wealands [2007] 2 AC 1(House of Lords): Choice of law in tort under the Private International Law (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1995. Michael acted for the successful appellant before the House of Lords and below. Harding v. Wealands is a major landmark decision in private international law on the question of the distinction between substance and procedure.
• Breyer Group Plc –v- Austine & Saunders (2007) (Ch D): Acting for the defendant director at trial in alleged fraud / breach of fiduciary duty relating to bribes to obtain confidential information. After cross-examination undermined their case, the Claimant discontinued in closing speeches and agreed to pay the defendant’s indemnity costs.
• Catlin Syndicate Ltd et al v. Adams Land & Cattle Co [2007] Lloyd’s Rep. I.R. 96: Acting for US defendants in a forum non conveniens / stay / anti-suit case involving the assessment of a US service of suit clause in a Lloyds’ non-marine policy for surplus lines insurance in the United States. Obtained dismissal of the English proceedings brought by Lloyd’s underwriters’ action for a declaration of non-liability in favour of the clients’ $28 million action in Nebraska, USA.
• Primlake Ltd (in Liquidation) v. Mathews Associates & others (2007) 1 BCLC 666: Restitution, subrogation claims involving breach of a de facto director’s duties, alternatively restitution based on an absence of consideration in the sense of no legal basis for payments received.
• Oceanografia SA de CV v. DSND Subsea AS (the “Botnica”) [2007] 1 Lloyd’s Rep 37: An oral agreement of a London arbitration clause ‘subject to signing of mutually agreeable terms and conditions’ of a charterparty. The dispute was whether the agreement was binding, and involved collateral condition precedents arguments as well as waiver by election and estoppel by convention.
• XS Racing –v- Sunseeker Europe AG [2005] EWHC 3023 (QB): A European Council Regulation 44/2001 jurisdiction challenge.  Acting on behalf of the defendant, a German powerboat builder sued in England for a £17 million damage claim who challenged jurisdiction. Obtaining dismissal of the English action.
• O.T. Africa Line Limited v. Magic Sportswear Corporation [2005] 2 Lloyd’s Rep 170 (C.A.): Anti-suit injunction involving important issues relating to Canadian Marine Liability Act. This is a leading case on the question of “comity” in anti-suit injunctions.
• Totsa Total Oil Trading SA v. Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd [2005] EWHC 1641 (Comm) (Christopher Clarke J.): Acting for the oil company claimant resisting the defendant’s attempts to make set-offs / deductions from the price of oil shipped because of water contamination. Case turned on the meaning and application of a “no set-off” clause in an ELF 90 FOB general terms and conditions for the sale of oil.
• Bhatia Shipping –v- Alcobex Metals Ltd [2005] 2 Lloyd’s Rep 336: Acting for claimant carriers seeking a declaration of non-liability in multi-modal transport case, involving parallel proceedings case in India, a floating choice of law clause, and the application of a time-bar for claims for release of goods without presentation of proper documents.
• American Motorists Insurance Co (AMICO) –v- Cellstar Corporation [2003] Lloyd’s Rep. IR 291; (C.A.): The leading case on choice of law in a global transport insurance contract under the provisions of Second Non-Life Directive and the Rome Convention. The case was referred to the European Court of Justice.
• Rayner v. Davies [2003] 1 All ER (Comm) 394; (CA): Article 13 of the Brussels Convention (consumer contract jurisdiction) in respect of a yacht valuation conducted in Italy following a faxed offer document sent to England.
• Techarungreungkit –v- Gotz [2003] All ER (D) 336;(Nelson J.): Sale of Burmese bronze images of Buddha from the medieval capital of Burma, Pagan, claimed by the purchaser to be modern fakes. Questions of acceptance of the statues under the Sale of Goods Act 1979.
• Frost v. James Finlay Bank [2002] Lloyd’s Rep IR 503; (C.A.): Whether a bank had assumed the duties of an insurance broker in relation to a loan and insurance that was changed by the borrower.
• “The Ivan Zagubanski" [2002] 1 Lloyd’s Rep. 106: Whether an anti-suit injunction granted to enforce an English arbitration clause in a bill of lading is permitted against European defendants. Michael’s arguments correctly anticipated the ECJ’s subsequent rejection of anti-suit injunctions in European cases.
• O.T. Africa Line Ltd v. Hijazy, "The Kribi" [2001] 1 Lloyds Rep. 76: Whether anti-suit and anti-arrest injunctions should be granted against receiver parties bringing proceedings in Belgium or whether they were contrary to the Brussels Convention.
• J.P. Morgan -v- Malaysian Newsprint Industries [2001] 2 Lloyd’s Rep. 41: A forum non conveniens challenge involving a non-exclusive English jurisdiction clause in a contract concerning international syndicated financing for the construction of a Malaysian newsprint factory.
• Lesser-v-Smithson[2001] All ER (D) 191: Trial of an accountant's claim for expert witness fees and capital gains tax work, in an action involving forged Land Registry applications to remove a charge protecting fees.
• Christie’s Inc v. Lamplough (High Court, London, 2001): Trial of action over an employment contract governed by New York Law in relation to Christie’s Pebble Beach, California, classic car auctions.
• "The Marques" (2001) Commercial Court: Resisting enforcement of U.S. default judgment in case arising out of a yacht sunk in international waters).
• Toussaint v. Mattis [2000] EWCA Civ 167 (CA)[2000] All ER (D) 709. (C.A.): A claim arising out of an action to recover a stolen painting by Rene Magritte. The first successful appeal against a case management decision by a Commercial Court judge.
• Abedi v. Penningtons (a firm)[2000] NLJR 465 (CA): A claim on behalf of solicitors that interim statute bills could arise by implied agreement with the client, and resisting allegations of professional negligence).
• Downie v. Coe, The Times, November 28, 1997 (CA): Privilege against self-incrimination in an asset-freezing injunction involving solicitor’s clerks forging wills to transfer money to friends.
• Re: Farmiser Products  Ltd, sub. nom. Moore v. Gadd[1997] BCLC 589; [1997] BCC 665; (CA) on appeal from Blackburn J. [1995] BCLC 462; [1995] BCC 926; Independent, June 19, 1995: What was the correct limitation period for wrongful trading under the Insolvency Act?
• Choudri v. Palta [1994] 1 BCLC 184, [1992] BCC 787, The Times, July 14, 1992, (CA): A Receiver’s remuneration dispute.

Banque Indosuez v. Ferromet[1993] BCLC 112 (Ch): Acting for U.S. clients; obtaining discharge of an English mareva injunction over their assets because it conflicted with the bankruptcy protection provided to them under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code.

Michael has acted in a number of cases on behalf of energy corporates (generators, producers and suppliers) in relation to contract and tort disputes, as well as companies servicing off-shore production.
Cases have ranged from acting for:

• An oil company in a dispute over the sale of water contaminated bulk oil supplies, and the effect of the “no-set”-off clause in the ELF 90 FOB general terms and conditions: Totsa Total Oil Trading SA v. Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd [2005] EWHC 1641 (Comm).
• A gas producer in relation to claims in arbitration brought against them for damage to crop production by their on-shore gas pipeline.
• An oil company in a joint venture dispute before the British Virgin Islands Courts over off-shore oil exploration: Prontinal Ltd –v- Elixir Petroleum (2009).
• An offshore platform service company, in chartering disputes in relation to off-shore oil platform service vessels: The “Botnica” [2007] 1 Lloyd’s Rep 37.
• An oil company, seeking to recover damages, including on a restitutionary basis and for loss of reputation, caused by the deliberate failure to deliver oil to the company for known sub-sales.

Michael has given expert evidence for the US Federal Court on matters of English law relating to the Metro Litigation in the UK in Exter Shipping Ltd and Ors v. Kilakos, 310 F. Supp. 2d 1301 (ND Georgia) (LMLN 658, (2005)).

In relation to shipbuilding, Michael has acted both as an advocate and an arbitrator in a number of ship and yacht construction, repair disputes and valuation disputes, including XS Racing –v- Sunseeker Europe AG [2005] EWHC 3023 (QB), Rayner v. Davies [2003] 1 All ER (Comm) 394; (C.A.): and Flood v. Sunseeker Sales (UK) Limited (2003).

Michael’s international arbitration practice as an advocate ranges from sale of goods, shipping, commodities and energy supply, licensing of products to sports related matters.
Michael has experience of ICC, LMAA, LCIA, AAA, and UNCITRAL arbitrations as well as ad hoc procedures, and has recently included cases involving arbitral institutions ranging from China, Switzerland, Bulgaria, Dubai and Egypt which required him to acquire knowledge of the local arbitration laws and procedures. Michael has great experience in working with teams of international lawyers in these matters.
Recent examples include:

(a) An ICC arbitration governed by Swiss law and the law of Pennsylvania concerning the sale of nutraceutical supplements in the United States and Canada, involving brand / trademark, marketing, sales experts, where Michael led at the hearing a team of English, Swiss and US lawyers.

(b) LMAA cargo and charterparty arbitrations, involving US, Middle Eastern and Chinese Clients.

(c) Ad hoc arbitrations concerning the effect of a gas pipeline on crop production and funding of an aviation business.

(d) Yacht construction and repair.

Michael has taught English and American international commercial arbitration at Pepperdine University, Malibu, California, and lectured to lawyers in both England and the US on international arbitration issues. Michael has specialist experience in the enforcement of arbitration clauses and overseas awards under the New York Convention, and in related UK injunctive litigation where foreign proceedings have been commenced in breach of English arbitration clauses. Recently this work has involved countries as diverse as the USA, UAE and Venezuela.

Michael is a Member of the Chartered Institute of Arbitrators, and accepts instructions as an arbitrator.

Michael’s arbitration work has resulted in a number of arbitration related litigation cases, such as:

• Peninsula v. Egypt Air Holdings (2008) (Comm Ct): resisting the enforcement of an Egyptian arbitration award under s.103 of the Arbitration Act.

• Oceanografia SA de CV v. DSND Subsea AS (the “Botnica”) [2007] 1 Lloyd’s Rep 37: a jurisdiction appeal under s. 67 of the 1996 Act.

• Charlton Athletic & Sankofa –v- The Football Association [2007] EWHC 78 (Comm): the first challenge to the new FA disciplinary fast track procedure, seeking injunctive relief under s. 44 of the Arbitration Act.

• “The Joanna V” [2003] 2 Lloyd’s Rep. 617: dispute between a shipowner seeking to enforce an English arbitration award, and Chinese cargo owners and insurers seeking to enforce a conflicting Chinese court judgment, questions of extending time for challenging Arbitration Award under the 1996 Act.

• “The Ivan Zagubanski" [2002] 1 Lloyd’s Rep. 106: whether an anti-suit injunction granted to enforce an English arbitration clause in a bill of lading is permitted against European defendants.

Michael acts for both insurers and insured in a varied range of coverage issues in maritime and non-marine work.

Michael has particular expertise in conflict of laws related issues in insurance and re-insurance, and has fought a number of key cases, in the fields of the applicable law in the absence of express choice under the Second Non-Life Directive and the Rome Convention: AMICO –v- Cellstar Corporation [2003] Lloyd’s Rep. IR 291; (C.A.), and  jurisdiction and anti-suit injunctions (e.g. Catlin Syndicate Ltd et al v. Adams Land & Cattle Co [2007] Lloyd’s Rep. I.R. 96; O.T. Africa Line Limited v. Magic Sportswear Corporation [2005] 2 Lloyd’s Rep 170 (C.A.); “The Ivan Zagubanski" [2002] 1 Lloyd’s Rep. 106 and "The Kribi" [2001] 1 Lloyds Rep. 76.

Michael appeared in insurance coverage disputes as diverse as Richards v. Francis (2005) on behalf of insurers resisting the opening of a 10 year old settlement, to J v. B v. Royal Sun Alliance (2002) acting for third party insurers resisting a claim arising out of brain injuries as a consequence of “shaken baby syndrome”, as well as related disputes, such as whether a bank assumed the duties of an insurance broker in a mortgage transaction: Frost v. James Finlay Bank [2002] Lloyd’s Rep IR 503 (C.A.).

Michael has acted in cases under the Third Parties (Rights Against Insurers) Act 1930, including claims arising out of overseas judgments rendered against foreign insolvent assured under shipowner’s liability insurance.

Michael has given expert evidence on issues of English insurance law in a number of US Federal and State Courts.

Michael’s reported cases in this field include:

• American Motorists Insurance Co (AMICO) –v- Cellstar Corporation [2003] Lloyd’s Rep. IR 291; (CA):  The leading case on choice of law in a global transport insurance contract under the provisions of Second Non-Life Directive and the Rome Convention. The case was referred to the European Court of Justice.

• Catlin Syndicate Ltd et al v. Adams Land & Cattle Co [2007] Lloyd’s Rep. I.R. 96: acting for US defendants in a forum non conveniens / stay / anti-suit case involving the assessment of a US service of suit clause in a Lloyds’ non-marine policy for surplus lines insurance in the United States. Obtained dismissal of the English proceedings brought by Lloyd’s underwriters’ action for a declaration of non-liability in favour of the clients’ $28 million action in Nebraska, USA.

• O.T. Africa Line Ltd –v- Magic Sportswear Corporation [2005] 1 Lloyd’s Rep. 252: choice of law in tort for claim against foreign insurers for inducing breach of contract.

• Frost v. James Finlay Bank [2002] Lloyd’s Rep IR 503; (C.A.). Whether a bank had assumed the duties of an insurance broker in relation to a loan and insurance that was changed by the borrower.

Michael has taught at Pepperdine University’s alternative dispute resolution school (which is No. 2 ranked in the USA after Harvard) and has utilised skills acquired there in a number of successful mediations in England and Wales.

Mediations in which Michael has taken place recently have involved disputes in the following fields:

• Commercial Fraud;
• Directors’ duties / breach of fiduciary duties
• International Sale of Goods;
• Banking;
• Property disputes;
• Sports law;
• Insurance disputes;

Michael has assisted in achieving a high settlement success rate.

Michael appears in Admiralty cases particularly relating to international litigation / conflicts of law disputes, details of which are set out under his entries for Commercial Litigation and International Arbitration.

Described by The Sun’s football writers as “soccer legal-eagle Michael McParland”, Michael has an extensive sports law practice, with particular expertise in the football field where he has acted for a number of Premier League and Championship football clubs, managers, players and officials, but also acts in other sports, including yachting, rugby and cycling.

Michael has been recognised in The Legal 500 and Legal Experts for many years as a leading Sports Law barrister. Michael has appeared before the UEFA Appeals Body in Switzerland, and acted in Court of Arbitration for Sport proceedings, as well as appearing before FA and Football League Tribunals, and in sports related court and arbitration proceedings. These proceedings include employment, contract, tort and regulatory disputes in court and employment tribunals as well as in proceedings before sports bodies or appointed arbitral tribunals.

Examples of Michael’s sports law cases include:

Mckay –v- Newcastle United F.C. (2008). Acting for club in contract dispute with former club doctor.

Lister & Knocker v. The Royal Yachting Association (2007): Acting for The Royal Yachting Association in a Sports Disputes Resolution Panel arbitration concerning a 5 year competitor bans from offshore powerboat racing after an incident of tampering with the fuel supply of a competitor’s boat during a competition.

Crystal Palace –v- Dowie [2007] EWHC 1392 (QB): Football manager alleged fraud to obtain release from his contract. Refusal to rescind the contract.

Charlton Athletic & Sankofa –v- the Football Association [2007] EWHC 78 (Comm): The first court injunction challenge to the new Football Association “fast track” disciplinary procedure.

John Moore v. Luton Town Football Club (Dec 2004) Acting for Mr. John Moore, Luton Town’s most successful ever manager and subsequently a long serving coach, in his claim against the Club for unfair dismissal, breach of contract and additional monetary claims. Maximum compensatory sums were ordered in Mr. Moore’s favour.

Matty Holmes –v- Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C and Kevin Muscat (High Court, QBD, 2004). Acting for Matty Holmes, the former West Ham, Blackburn and Charlton player in an action arising out of a foul tackle in a 4th Round F.A. Cup Replay that broke his leg and effectively ended his top-class playing career. The settlement reached at trial, including costs, made the challenge by Kevin Muscat at that time “the second most expensive tackle in British legal and football history”.

Carmaine Walker & Eartha Pond –v- The Football Association (2004): Acting forfemale professional footballers in appeals against lengthy suspensions for misconduct. Obtained lifting of the bans, resulting in both players being eligible to appear in the 2004 Ladies F.A. Cup final.

Barry Silkman v. Newcastle United F.C. (High Court, QBD). (Agent’s commission fees on player transfers, FIFA Agents Rules and equitable assignments of causes of action). 

Charlton Athletic F.C. v. Greenwich Borough Council. (Sports ground safety). Acting for the Club inan appeal against a prohibition notice under the Safety of Sports Grounds Act 1975, in relation to limits on Manchester United away fans, and problems of persistent standing in seated areas.

Newcastle United F.C. & The Football Association –v- UEFA: Acting on behalf of the Club and the Football Association before the UEFA Appeals Body in Geneva, and subsequently to the Court of Arbitration for Sport (“C.A.S”) in Lausanne concerning player eligibility for the UEFA Champions League.

Gardner & Beaumont v. Newcastle United F.C. (2003)(Footballers’ employment rights). Acting for Newcastle United on their successful appeal to F.A. Premier League relating to notices of termination of contracts that had been served by two England youth internationals.

Charlton Athletic v. West Ham United (1999). (Football Association Tribunal). Acting for Charlton Athletic in securing the highest ever compensation for the training and development for a young player (Jermain Defoe, the future England international) poached by another club.

(Football League Arbitration, (1997). Acting for Leicester City and Martin O’Neill in recovering compensation for the abortive transfer of an Australian player (Zeljko Kalac, now AC Milan’s current goalkeeper) to Wolves.

Michael has long-standing experience of acting for Local Authorities and interested parties in public law, planning and environmental matters. His work over the years has ranged from out of town superstore development and roads inquiries, through to complaints to the European Commission regarding environmental impact assessments. Michael’s knowledge and experience of this field has also helped in property related fraud claims. Examples include:

• A3 Hindhead Public Inquiry (Mr. A. Gray) (2004-2006): Acting for public campaign group seeking to Save the Old A3 over Hindhead Common in a major public roads inquiry).

• Interpub Ltd v- Secretary of State for Environment and City of Westminster [1998] EWHC Admin 1060. (s.288 Planning Act 1990 appeal in relation to Covent Garden hostel application).

• Swale Borough Council -v- Secretary of State for the Environment and Wards Construction (Medway)[1994] J.P.L. 236; (planning application / Grampian conditions, test to be applied).

• Milton Keynes  Borough Council v. Milton Keynes Development Corporation [1991] EGCS 67; (Planning — New Town’s Act dispute / Judicial Review)

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